What is a common complication of immobility in patients?

• A. Dehydration
• B. Pressure ulcers
• C. Hypotension
• D. Diarrhea

Answer: (B)

The most significant complication of immobility in patients is the development of pressure ulcers. When an individual remains in one position for extended periods, particularly in sensitive areas such as the sacrum, heels, elbows, and back, there is increased pressure on the skin and underlying tissues. This persistent pressure reduces blood flow to these areas, leading to tissue ischemia, cell death, and the formation of ulcers.

Pressure ulcers can cause pain, lead to infections, and significantly impact a patient’s quality of life. Prevention strategies include regular repositioning, using specialized mattresses or cushions, and encouraging mobility whenever possible.

Although dehydration, hypotension, and diarrhea may occur in immobile patients for various reasons, they are not as directly related to immobility as pressure ulcers. Dehydration could be a result of inadequate fluid intake due to reduced mobility or other health factors, hypotension might occur from prolonged bed rest leading to deconditioning, and diarrhea is more often related to gastrointestinal issues rather than a specific consequence of immobility.